(1) (Integrated Development Environment) A set of programs run from a single user interface. For example, programming languages often include a text editor, compiler and debugger, which are all activated and function from a common menu.
(2) (Integrated Drive Electronics) The standard hardware interface for hard disks and optical discs in a computer. Introduced in 1986 with 20MB of storage, capacities increased to 2TB by 2010. Years ago, IDE drives replaced SCSI drives in high-end computers.
IDE is officially the AT Attachment (ATA) interface, and the "AT" comes from the PC/AT, an early IBM PC that popularized the drives. The terms IDE, EIDE (Enhanced IDE), ATA and PATA (Parallel ATA) are synonymous (see PATA and SATA).
Built-In Electronics
The controller electronics are built into the IDE drive, requiring a simple circuit in the PC for connection. Two IDE sockets are built onto the motherboard, each socket connecting two drives via a 40-pin ribbon cable for optical discs and an 80-pin cable for hard disks (see below).
Master and Slave
IDE drives are configured as master and slave. Jumper pins on the drive itself are used to set up the first drive on the cable as master and the second one, if present, as a slave.
ATAPI
ATAPI is ATA for CD-ROM and DVD drives. The ATA Packet Interface (ATAPI) was developed to allow CD-ROM drives to run over the IDE interface by using commands similar to SCSI drives.
Fast, Enhanced, Ultra and DMA
ATA-2's faster transfer rates (see below) were called "Fast ATA" and "Enhanced IDE" (EIDE). ATA-3 added potential failure reporting (see SMART HDD). Starting with ATA-4, "Ultra" and "DMA" were added to the name. For example, a 100 MB/sec IDE drive could be called "ATA-100," "Ultra ATA-100," "DMA-100" or "Ultra DMA-100." See Cable Select.
IDE ----PIO---- ----DMA----
Drive MBytes MBytes
Type Mode /sec Mode /sec Pins
ATA 0 3.3 0 4.2 40
ATA 1 5.2 40
ATA 2 8.3
Enhanced IDE
ATA-2, 3 3 11.1 1 13.3 40
ATA-2, 3 4 16.6 2 16.6 40
ATA-4 (ATA-33) 2 33.3 40
ATA-5 0 16.6 40
ATA-5 1 25.0 40
ATA-5 (ATA-33) 2 33.3 40
ATA-5 3 44.4 80
ATA-5 (ATA-66) 4 66.6 80
ATA-6 (ATA-100) 5 100.0 80
ATA-7 (ATA-133) 5 133.0 80
Serial ATA
SATA 5 1500.0 4
SATA II 5 3000.0 4
Starting with ATA-66, 80-wire cables (40 more ground wires) replaced the 40-wire cable and plug into the same 40-pin socket with one pin removed.
Arco was the first to provide RAID 1 mirroring with IDE drives rather than SCSI. The cable from the motherboard plugged into this drive bay card, and cables went out to primary and secondary drives (see
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