Early Days On The Antivirus Front: A Personal Perspective

I first thought computer viruses were a pretty cool concept. They had great names like the Brain virus, the Jerusalem virus, the Friday The 13th virus, the Typo/Fumble virus, and the dBase virus, and they did really cool things such as self-replicate, cause typos, or encrypt database files -- all without the permission of the computer user.

True, some viruses did unpleasant things, such as delete executables when run on a certain date, but it was almost cute. Then viruses were discovered that did truly awful things such as erase your hard disk and all the contents thereon. Suddenly, they weren't so cute anymore.

It was the mid-1980s, and the computer revolution hadn't really started yet. A simple MS-DOS computer with monochrome monitor cost upward of $3,000, hard disks were measured in tens of megabytes, and hefty systems sometimes had as much as 256K of memory, which was fine for that new-fangled Lotus 1-2-3 spreadsheet program. The hot operating system was destined to be OS/2, which was authored by IBM and therefore could not fail. The hot chip was the 386. It had something really innovative called Protected Mode.

The time was ripe for something as unique and cool as computer viruses. And they, of course, gave birth to the computer antivirus (AV) industry. I was a member right at the beginning with my Flu_Shot antiviral program.

There were so few viruses then that the antivirus researchers knew them all by name. When I first released Flu_Shot, it protected against all known computer viruses -- 81 in all.

There were many early luminaries in the AV field, including:

Vesselin Bontchev Klaus Brunnstein David Chess Ken Cohen Jon David Nick FitzGerald Richard Ford Sarah Gordon Ross M. Greenberg            Dmitry Gryaznov

Mikko Hypponen Andy Hopkins Glenn Jordan Pam Kane Jeffrey Kephart Jimmy Kuo John McAfee Padgett Peterson Rob Rosenberger            Fridrik Skulason

Alan Solomon David Stang Wolfgang Stiller Morton Swimmer Peter Tippett Ken van Wyck Joseph Wells Steve White Ed Wilding Righard Zwienenberg

In one form or another we all knew each other -- or knew of each other. Each was a character in his or her own right. For the most part we were competitors, but almost everyone was cooperative. In some cases we even held begrudging respect for each other.

In 1989, the Virus Bulletin was first published. Ed Wilding was an early editor of this monthly newsletter and came up with the concept of "The VB 100." Antivirus programs were run against a sizeable library of "found in the wild" viruses, and were ranked by their percentage of correctly identified viruses. (According to The WildList Organization, "found in the wild" means that antivirus researchers have actually discovered these viruses out in the public arena, actively infecting machines and programs.) A VB 100 rating virtually guaranteed a product's commercial success.

Rob Rosenberger was the editor of the influential tell-all site Vmyths, debunking computer virus myths and stepping on a few AV vendors' toes while he was at it. Rob and I collaborated on some articles during the virus hysteria of 1988 -- the press was going nuts. Rob was an impartial observer who was able to cut through the vendor hype and tell a clear story. (Note: The Vmyths site is currently being revamped and some articles are temporarily unavailable. A July relaunch is planned.)