Formulus Black 

CEO: Mark Iwanowski

Formulus Black, a storage startup built upon what used to be known as Symbolic IO, in March 2019 re-entered the storage stage to introduce new technology, Forsa, that enables any application to run 100 percent in server memory without any modifications. The Jersey City, N.J.-based vendor's Forsa runs on commodity server hardware configured with Intel Skylake, Broadwell, CascadeLake, or Haswell processors. It uses what Formulus Black calls memory amplification, which translates standard server DRAM memory, the fastest kind of memory, into Formulus Black bit markers, which are managed in place of the memory itself. And because DRAM is non-persistent memory, Forsa requires SSD-based external storage to protect data in case the server goes off-line.